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Should a Single-Member Company present a Register Book of Partners or Register Book of Nominative Shares? It is known, that the administrative body of limited liability companies is obligated to maintain and present a Registration book of Partners, which should contain as follows: (i) the statement of the shares (complete identification, nationality, and address) and […]

In over my 15 years of professional practice I have participated as legal advisor in many corporate conflicts. In some cases, as a lawyer of organizations´ administrators and main shareholders and, in other cases, as a legal representative of minority partners, “rebels” with or without cause that try to enforce their rights with different objectives. […]

Many of our clients maintain a structure with various interrelated corporate organizations, but ignore exactly which are the consequences that this act can lead to. This is why we should differentiate between “a group of businesses” and “business group”. The first concept is safer in terms of the possible consequences in a labour level, while […]

The article 28 of the agency contract’s  Law (Ley de Contrato de Agencia, “LCA”)  establishes that “… when the agency contract extinguishes for either a fixed or indeterminate period of time, the agent which has provided new clients to the entrepreneur or that has increased noticeably the operations with the pre-existing clients, will have the […]

It is common in the commercial contracts, collaboration agreements between companies, and agreements of intention, that contractual parties in addition to regulating the main business purpose, individual obligations, contractual terms, resolution causes, or confidentiality duties, they also have to agree before which jurisdiction they will submit to settle the controversies that may arise in the […]

In this blog post, we are going to deal with content that often is unnoticed by the small and medium-sized companies, being able to be a main contingency focus with the tax authorities if the proper compliance of the commercial regulations is not adequately revised. In the first place, we must attend to the corporate […]

The promissory note is an instrument used oftentimes in international operations for asset acquisitions, by virtue of which one part (issuer) undertakes to finance the other (beneficiary) a certain amount of money. Although the common thing is that the promissory note makes the funds available in favour of the beneficiary upon prior fulfilment of certain […]

The European Court of Human Rights (also known as the Strasbourg Court) is the Court intended to prosecute, the possible violations of rights avowed in the European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, by the member States of the Convention. The guaranteed rights are listed in the stated Convention ant the […]

How and who can appoint an administrator? As a general rule and with a few exceptions, the competence for appointing and administrator lies with the General Meeting of Shareholders. Furthermore, this is an exclusive competence, so it cannot be delegated neither to the shareholders individually, nor to the administrative body. The appointment will need the […]

Article 163 of the Bankruptcy Law states that the bankruptcy must be declared either fortuitous or guilty. Although the Law does not define fortuitous bankruptcy, Article 164 exhaustively regulates  the so-called guilty bankruptcy, considering that its declaration applies if, within the two years prior to the date of declaration of the bankruptcy, there was fraud […]